Existence and Knowledge

Existence and Knowledge

Studying affirmatory and nugatory answers to the incompatibility of Divine foreknowledge and human free will

Document Type : Review Article

Author
Ph.D. of Islamic Philosophy and Theology,, Mofid University, Qom, Iran.
Abstract
Following the issue of Monotheism of Actions, there is an important question that is whether Divine foreknowledge and human free will are compatible or not? Ash’arites who believed in the incompatibility of foreknowledge and human free will, could not find a meaning for man’s agency in order not to understand the compulsion. They believed that Divine foreknowledge is absolutely the reason and cause of everything including the man’s actions. Among this the works of Fakhr Razi are more visible, that in this writing, one of his reasons has been studied. Next seven results have been narrated and studied. Some results in western and Islamic traditions are common. Finally considering the other two consequences, a solution was suggested and clarified.

Keywords

Alghazali, Abu Hamed (1994). Tahafet Alphelasepheh, Altabieyeh Alavali, Beirut: Dar va Maktabeyeh Alhelal. [In Arabic]
Al-Razi, Fakhr Al-Din (1987). The High Demands of Divine Knowledge, First Edition, Edited by Hijazi Saka, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
Al-Shirazi, Sadr Al-Din (1981). Transcendent Wisdom, third edition, Beirut: Heritage Revival House. [In Arabic]
Al-Shirazi, Sadr Al-Din (2012). Evidence of God, Seconed Edition, Tehran: Bonyad Hekmat Islami Sadra. [In Arabic]
Al-Shirazi, Sadr Al-Din (2021). Principle and Resurrection, edited and corrected by Seyed Jalal Al-Din Al-Ashtiani, Third Edition, Qom: Islamic Reporting Book of the Seminary. [In Arabic]
Alston, William P. (2004). About Religion, Translator: Malik Hosseini et al., First Edition, Tehran: Hermes Publications. [In Persian]
Al-Taftazani, Saad Al-Din (1989). Sharh Al-Maqasid, first edition, Qom: Al-Sharif Al-Razi. [In Arabic]
Al-Tusi, Khajeh Nasir Al-Din (1985). Talkhis Almohasel Almarof benaghd Almohasel, Seconed Edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Azwaa. [In Arabic]
Al-Tusi, Khajeh Nasir Al-Din (1985). The Letters of Khajeh Nasir Al-Din Tusi, Seconed Edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Azwaa. [In Arabic]
Aquinas, Thomas (2017). Summa Theologica, Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province, Ohio: Pinnacle Press.
Ash’ari, Ali bin Ismail (1980). Articles of Islamists and Differences of Worshipers, Third Edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Nashr. [In Arabic]
Davis, Brian (2012). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion, Translator: Maliheh Saberi, Fifth Edition, Tehran: Samt Publications. [In Persian]            
Ghadrdan Gharamaleki, Mohammad Hassan (2005). The Third Look at Force and Option, First Edition, Tehran: Islamic Culture and Thought Publishing Research Institute. [In Persian]
Hamilton, Christopher (2013). Philosophy of Religion, Translator: Mona Mousavi, First Edition, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company. [In Persian]
Ibn Sina (2011). Signs and Warnings, Edited by: Mahmoud Shahabi Khorasani, Second Edition, Tehran: Tehran University Press. [In Arabic]
Mirdamad (1995).  Al-Qabsat, by Dr. Mehdi Mohaghegh, Tehran: Tehran University Press. [In Arabic]
Patterson, Michael et al. (2000). Religious Wisdom and Belief, Translated by Ahmad Naraghi & Ebrahim Soltani, Third Edition, Tehran: New Plan Publications. [In Persian]
Quinn, Philip L. & et al. (2012). Attributes of God, Translator: Reza Bakhshaish, Second Edition, Qom: Seminary and University Research Institute. [In Persian]
Swinburne, Richard (1977). The Coherence oF Theism, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
 
Tabatabai, Mohammad Hossein (1996). The End of Wisdom, Thirteenth Edition, Qom: Institution of Islamic Publishing. [In Arabic]
Taliafro, Charles. (2003). Philosophy of Religion in the Twentieth Century, Translator: Insha'Allah Rahmati, First Edition, Tehran: Sohravardi Research and Publication Office. [In Persian]
Send comment about this article
Enter Name.
Enter a valid email address.
Enter a vaid affiliation.
Enter comments (At leaset 10 words)
CAPTCHA Image
Enter Security Code Correctly.