Violation Challenge of the Argument of Faculty and Action

Kamali, Mohammad Mahdi

doi:10.22096/ek.2020.113303.1168

Violation Challenge of the Argument of Faculty and Action

Document Type : Research Article

Author

Mohammad Mahdi Kamali

Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Khorasan Razavi, Iran.

10.22096/ek.2020.113303.1168

Abstract

Most Muslim philosophers, following Aristotle, believe that the body consists of two essential elements called “prime matter” and “corporal form”. They have presented several arguments to prove this theory. One of these arguments is the “argument of faculty and action”, which according to two kinds of faculty and act, prove body is composed of matter and form. Many of them believe this argument is the strongest argument proving the prime matter, which is more accurate and more powerful than “argument of separation and connection”. But a few of philosophers believe this argument has a lot of problems.
In this paper, we first explain the argument of faculty and action on separate its premises. Then we criticize it by counting the four problems. Finally, we conclude that the argument fails to prove the composition of the body, of matter and form.

Keywords

Argument of Faculty and Action

Prime Matter

Corporal Form

Soul

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