نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
مربی دانشگاه تربیت معلم آذربایجان
چکیده
مفاهیم جدید کلامی که از غرب نشأت میگرفت, تقریباً از دورة امیرکبیر و سپهسالار, توسط منورالفکران در ایران مطرح شد و رفتهرفته واکنش متکلمان را برانگیخت.
نخستین مباحث, در حوزة علوم اجتماعی و سیاسی مطرح شد, که عبارت بود از آزادی, مساوات, قانون عرفی و منشأ مردمی حکومت. این مفاهیم از دورة مشروطه به بعد مورد دفاع متکلمان قرار گرفت.
پس از مشروطه نیز مباحثی چون علم و دین, ماتریالیسم دیالکتیکی و مارکسیسم به مسائل جدید کلامی افزوده شد.
بررسی آسیبشناسانه مواضع متکلمان نشان میدهد که غالب آنها به مسائل جدید آشنایی زیادی ندارند و به ندرت متکلمی در یک مسأله مورد بحث تخصص دارد. آنها با همان ابزار و معارف سنتی به نقد مسائل جدید میپردازند به کارکردهای مثبت این مسائل توجه نداشته, در برخی موارد به دلیل نا آشنایی با مسأله کلامی, مواضع متناقضی اتخاذ میکنند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
A Historical and Pathological Look at the Modern Theological Issues in the Iranian literature
نویسنده [English]
- Muhammad Mashhadi Nushabadi
Instructor of Azerbaijan Teacher Training University
چکیده [English]
Modern theological concepts, having their roots in the West, appeared in Persian literature when Mirza Taqi Farahani, entitiled Amir Kabir (the Great Prince) and Mirza Sepahsalar came to power, and the way was paved for the intellectuals to express their own ideas openly. Since then, these theological concepts have become controversial issues among the traditional theologians.
In the realm of social sciences and politics, the first issues of major concern were ‘freedom’, ‘equality’, common law and democracy (the republican aspect of government) which were strongly supported by theologians since Constitutionalism. Certain issues like the relationship between science and religion, dialectic materialism and Marxism were added to the theological issues after Constitutionalism.
The pathological study of the theologians’ position shows that most traditional theologians were not well-acquinted with the new theological issues which found their way into the traditional theological subjects and one could hardly find among them a theologian who had authority in the new theological issues put forward by the western thinkers. They attempted to deal with these new theological issues through the traditional modes of thinking and did not pay attention to the positive functions of the issues in question and even in some cases they took a contradictory position towards them.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- dialectic
- materialism
- Darwinism
- science and religion
- equality
- freedom
- theology
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