نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
Understanding is not matter of mind in Wittgenstein view. But this position is met with a protest called "scientific objection" as if the philosopher is simply ruling out something that neurologist or psychologist could discover. In this article we show that Wittgenstein did not resent the position of science and only denies the claim that science can provide an a priori account of understanding. In the general reading of Wittgenstein's view, understanding is seen as an ability. But this is at odds with the fact that understanding happens in an instant, and that is why we explained in this article the position of understanding is like the "beginning of ability" which considers both understanding in relation to ability and its occurrence. However, the denial of the subjectivity of understanding attributes an anti-realist stance on understanding to Wittgenstein. Therefore, with the help of McDowell's interpretation of Wittgenstein, we try to show that Wittgenstein considers the linguistic understanding as a certain state of mind in the language game. McDowell's interpretation, however, contradicts some of Wittgenstein's points, especially in Zettel.
کلیدواژهها English
کنی، آنتونی. معماری زبان و ذهن در فلسفه ویتگنشتاین. ترجمه محمدرضا اسمخانی، تهران: ققنوس، ۱۳۹۲.
گریلینگ، ای.سی. ویتگنشتاین. ترجمه ابوالفضل حقیری. تهران: بصیرت، ۱۳۸۸.
مکگین، ماری. ویتگنشتاین و پژوهشهای فلسفی. ترجمه ایرج قانونی، تهران: نشر نی، ۱۳۸۲.
ویتگنشتاین، لودویگ. پژوهشهای فلسفی. ترجمه فریدون فاطمی. تهران: نشر مرکز، ۱۳۸۱.
ویتگنشتاین، لودویگ. برگهها. ترجمه مالک حسینی. تهران: هرمس، ۱۳۸۴.
ویتگنشتاین، لودویگ. کتابهای آبی و قهوهای. ترجمه ایرج قانونی. تهران: نی، ۱۳۸۵.
ویتگنشتاین، لودویگ. کتابهای آبی. ترجمه مالک حسینی. تهران: هرمس، ۱۳۹۳.
Baker, G. P., & Hacker, P. M. S. (1983/ 2005). Wittgenstein: Understanding and meaning: Volume 1 of an analytical commentary on the philosophical investigations, part I: Essays (Vol. 1), Blackwell Publishing, (1983/2005).
Choi, S. (2012). “Disposition” in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dispositions/
Brandt, S. “How not to read Philosophical Investigations: McDowell and Goldfarb on Wittgenstein on understanding.” Philosophical Investigations 37. no.4 (2014): 289-311.
Dummett, M. A. E. Origins of Analytic Philosophy, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1993.
Goldfarb, W. “Wittgenstein on Understanding.” Midwest studies in philosophy 17. no. 1 (1992): 109-122.
Longworth, G. "A Plea for Understanding." In New Waves in Philosophy of Language, (Ed) Sarah Sawyer. pp. 138-164. London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2010.
Maier, J. (2014). Abilities. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Online at: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/abilities/.
McDowell, J. “Are meaning, understanding, etc., definite states?” In The engaged intellect: Philosophical essays, pp. 79-94. NJ: Harvard University Press, 2009.
Pettit, D. “Why Knowledge is Unnecessary for Understanding Language.” In Mind 111. no. 443 (2002): 519-550.
Smith, B. C. “Speech Sounds and the Direct Meeting of Minds.” in New Philosophical Essays, (2009): 183- 210.
Wittgenstein, L. Philosophical Grammar: Part I, the Proposition, and Its Sense, Part II, On Logic and Mathematics. Blackwell: Oxford University Press, 1974.
Wittgenstein, L. Philosophical Investigations. NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1953/2009.
Wittgenstein, L. Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics. Oxford: Blackwell, 1978.
Wittgenstein, L., & F. Waismann. The Voices of Wittgenstein: The Vienna Circle. edited by Gordon Baker. translated by Baker et al, 2003.